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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Slap-up Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized past Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Great Again" in his successful 1980 presidential entrada. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used information technology again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton'southward unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'south use of the phrase "probably the almost resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the land was in refuse.[2] [iii]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, amusement and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United states, regarding information technology equally dog-whistle politics and coded linguistic communication.[iv] [five] [6] [7] The slogan was also at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [ix] [10] [11]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a spoken communication at the third session of the 76th The states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of u.s.a.. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and direction; who can give the homo of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America bang-up again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater'southward unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[xiii]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Allow'due south brand America great again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economic system at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the land's economic distress as a springboard for his entrada, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Inside his acceptance speech communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without task opportunities, nosotros'll stimulate new opportunities, peculiarly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned promise, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a bang-up national cause to make America great over again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Beak Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential main campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'south version, used every bit a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy you had 50 years agone, and... movement you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'due south book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a U.s.a. Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Printing on August xvi, 2011, equally Troublemaker: Let'south Do What Information technology Takes to Brand America Bully Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the futurity, explaining "I must get out all of my options open considering, in a higher place all else, we must brand America great over again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Great Again" past stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January one, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State's office to create the "Brand America Corking Once again Party", which would have allowed Trump to be that political party's nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on Nov 7, 2012, the twenty-four hours after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his ain business relationship, Trump first considered "We Will Make America Great", just did not feel like it had the right "band" to it. "Brand America Not bad" was his adjacent slogan idea, just upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never slap-up. Subsequently selecting "Make America Smashing Again", Trump immediately had an chaser register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, merely noted that "he didn't trademark information technology.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United states Patent and Trademark Part requesting exclusive rights to apply the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service marking on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [thirty] Trump used the slogan in public as early equally August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Slap-up Over again" on a roadside in California shortly afterwards the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Proceed America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump oftentimes used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at one point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television receiver commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to one. "...but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that's an advertizing."[28]

Following Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump's 2020 campaign connected to use the "Make America Swell Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, once more" in his 2020 Republican National Convention oral communication, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "once again-over again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[38]

Less than a calendar week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about perhaps establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his first few days out of office, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who as well chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late Jan 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Business firm.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump dedicated himself by tweeting "My utilize of social media is non Presidential – it's Mod DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July ane, 2017.[41]

In the offset half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a mail'southward retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a full of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 ballot with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lone include: i,304 unique tweets, v,820,000 hashtag exposure, and three,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump fix his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the proclamation (June xvi, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with specially notable spikes occurring afterward his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and later on winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[5] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase considering information technology "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, merely also to those who have felt a loss of condition as other groups have get more empowered."[iv] Equally Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates every bit America Outset did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[westward]earing a 'Make America Not bad Again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you vesture one, it'south a pretty good indication that you share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Costless Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this label and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are prove of racism, seeing them more than in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan equally "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to entreatment to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the earth."[49] Polling has shown that virtually ten percentage of blackness voters identified as Trump supporters,[l] [ non-primary source needed ] while about 30 per centum of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in January 2018 that he believes the recent global movements confronting traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "At that place should exist little doubt about US President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His ballot entrada theme was finer a promise to 'Brand America Neat Once more; America Starting time and Only' and—nod, nod, flash, flash—to Make America White Again."[52]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Merely Liberals – Tin can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again [53] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early on years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book nigh her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special ballot titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What Information technology Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

After Donald Trump popularized the utilize of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Bully Once more" in speeches, inciting Trump to ship cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Once again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016 debate.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Over again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.S.–United mexican states edge.[56] [57]

Use past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 neb signing.[58] [59] Sometime The states Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, request: "Exactly when did you think America was great?"[60] [61] During John McCain's memorial service on September i, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made smashing over again because America was always great."[62] Trump afterward tweeted "Brand AMERICA Neat AGAIN!" later on that day.[63]

Use past hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks institute that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were usually used past white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-correct extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The final sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet great again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in Oct 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia corking again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament ballot in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Party used the slogan "Brand EU Lagom Again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Brand Globe Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Hereafter Movement take often used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Once more", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the Earth Greta Again.[lxx]

In popular civilisation [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Once more" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Great Once again" catchphrase equally it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Again" strip social club tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and office of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[71]

Ad [edit]

  • A Douse-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[72]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Bang-up Again was a street fine art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[73] [74]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cantankerous's 2016 stand up-upwardly tour was titled "Making America Peachy Again".[75]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, ii Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the World Trade Center during the September xi attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Keen Again" hats.[76] [77] [78]

Style [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Nifty Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to blueprint a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to clothing on Red Carpet e.chiliad. 2017 Grammy Awards.[79]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Brand Sandford Cracking Once more" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[80]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Groovy Again" fez chapeau in one scene.[81]
  • The Syfy picture Sharknado five: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[82]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Go on America Keen" (a phrase Trump would later use equally his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the TV spots for the moving-picture show featured Americans who explained why they back up the Purge, with one stating he does then "to keep my country [America] great".[83] The next film in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[84]
  • The character Paul in Da five Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[85]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassinator's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Neat Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld smashing over again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Once again" in its marketing campaign.[86]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Corking Again" during his spoken communication while contesting Raiden.[87]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Brand America Psycho Again.[88]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called Thousand.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[89]
  • Make America Rock Again was a rock concert tour.[ninety]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Motorcar, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Brand America Rage Again Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Make ANGER Not bad Again'[91]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[92]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Brand America Great Again" on his album Be More than Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[93]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Over again (2019), with cover fine art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[94]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Brand America Great Again.[95]
  • Metallic band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Brand Deathcore Neat Once again".

Sports [edit]

  • So-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a chapeau saying "Brand Baseball Fun Once more" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia Eastward. Butler used "Brand America Great Once again" as the presidential entrada slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[96] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and authorities together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[97]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Once again",[98] a satirical volume on dating and relationships.

Television [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Final Calendar week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Over again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[99] [100] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[100]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a entrada that is a parody of Trump'southward, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[101]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's By Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious once again", a line that was compared to Trump past many reviewers.[102] [103] [104] [105]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

ticklefrommory.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again#:~:text=%22Make%20America%20Great%20Again%22%20or,his%20successful%201980%20presidential%20campaign.

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